Thus the Italian inventor was credited as the inventor of radio and became rich. By , Tesla began to withdraw from that doubting world. He was clearly showing signs of obsessive-compulsive disorder, and was potentially a high-functioning autistic. He became obsessed with cleanliness and fixated on the number three; he began shaking hands with people and washing his hands—all done in sets of three. He had to have 18 napkins on his table during meals, and would count his steps whenever he walked anywhere.
Near the end of his life, Tesla became fixated on pigeons, especially a specific white female, which he claimed to love almost as one would love a human being. One night, Tesla claimed the white pigeon visited him through an open window at his hotel, and he believed the bird had come to tell him she was dying. Nikola Tesla would go on to make news from time to time while living on the 33rd floor of the New Yorker Hotel. In he made the cover of Time magazine, which featured his inventions on his 75th birthday.
He hoped to fund a prototypical defensive weapon in the interest of world peace, but his appeals to J. Morgan Jr. He died in , in debt, although Westinghouse had been paying his room and board at the hotel for years. Underhill, Gilbert King is a contributing writer in history for Smithsonian. Wardenclyffe Tower. Photo: Wikipedia. Tesla's first-ever confirmed patent, for the electric arc lamp, was filed after his arrival in the United States, in March of The vast majority of his patents were filed after he left Edison's employ and founded his own company, Tesla Electric Light and Manufacturing.
Up until , Tesla appears to have protected many of his inventions with patents all across the world. During this period, his first patent was the US patent no. According to U. It is known that Tesla filed a number of patents in other countries, but some of these records are harder to definitively quantify with certainty today. It is believed that Nikola Tesla held somewhere in the order of patents for his tech, across 26 countries worldwide.
Of the non-US patents, the largest number appears to have been filed in Great Britain, with 30 patents granted. Tesla also held about 10 patents in France, 27 in Belgium, 21 in Germany, 19 in Italy, and 15 in Austria. He also appears to have filed a handful of patents in a number of other countries, including Spain, Belgium, Brazil, and Italy.
The Tesla Foundation has estimated that Tesla held a total of over patents across five continents. However, it must be born in mind that many of these patents were for the same inventions rather than unique developments.
Interestingly, according to an analysis of his patents, his most protected invention was his pump and turbine US patents 1,, and 1,, For these, he was granted 23 patents in 22 countries. Of all his patents, 54 were granted in the United States. Tesla also either did not file patent protection for a number of other inventions he came up with throughout his career.
A prime example being his application of high-frequency current for medical purposes. So, without further ado, here are ten of Nikola Tesla's most famous inventions. This list is far from exhaustive and is in no particular order.
Chances are that you have already seen this invention. It is a transformer used to produce high-voltage, low-current, high-frequency alternating-current electricity. To observers, it appears as if lightning is being shot into the air.
A Tesla coil consists of a primary coil and secondary coil, each with its own capacitor to store electrical energy. The two coils and capacitors are connected by a spark gap. A high-voltage source powers the system. He applied for many patents for his AC power discoveries which were later sold to Westinghouse. AC power has been widely used since its discovery and still has some applications in radio and television transmission. Here, Tesla created a tower topped by his infamous coils which shot electric sparks through the air and circulated the electricity around the coils by alternating current.
Building upon the revelations of the Tesla coil, Tesla sought to offer wireless power for free to all by transmitting information from one tower to another using resonance. The currents were sent from one circuit to the other, building in frequency until lightning sparked from one tower to the other. By connecting a wire to the tower and running it around his lab, he powered his laboratory wirelessly.
He demonstrated the effect on stage to audiences using light bulbs that were not connected to any power source. The magnifying transmitter succeeded in transmitting an electrical current a kilometer away.
Tesla developed a piston engine to power automobiles using combustion to rotate disks. Tesla was sure this wasn't the case, and after two years of performing experiments in his mind, the solution came to him like a bolt of lightning: a rotating magnetic field that would allow alternating current to power an engine without being first converted to direct current.
AC Motor : Tesla carried detailed plans for this AC motor in his head a particular talent of his until he could build a physical model the next year. The alternating current created magnetic poles that reversed themselves without mechanical aid, as DC motors required, and caused an armature the revolving part of any electromechanical device to whirl around the motor.
This was his rotating magnetic field put into practice as a motor; within two years, he would use it in AC generators and transformers as well.
Tesla coil : The electrical coil named for its inventor is one of Tesla's showiest inventions, and he used it to its full dramatic extent in demonstrations held in his New York City lab. The coil uses polyphase alternating currents -- another of Tesla's discoveries -- to create a transformer capable of producing very high voltages.
It brought forth impressive crackling sparks and sheets of electric flame that impressed the electrically savvy and the layman alike. They're primarily used for entertainment today. Radio : Tesla first sent a wireless transmission from his lab at Houston Street in New York City to a boat on the Hudson River -- 25 miles 40 km away -- in ; he would've done this sooner but for a fire that destroyed his previous lab in Tesla invented everything we associate with radio -- antennas, tuners and the like -- but an inventor named Guglielmo Marconi was given the actual credit.
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