The house with cobwebs is abandoned. A man on the roof was shouting. A sentence can also contain more noun phrases. For example. The girl with green eyes bought a cute cat. Adjective Phrase. An adjective phrase is a group of words along with its modifiers, that functions as an adjective in a sentence. An adjective phrase works as an adjective to transform or tell about a noun or a pronoun in a sentence. He is wearing a strong flowery perfume. Cinderella looked gorgeous in her white gown.
He gave me a glass full of wine. A boy from Australia won the race. Prepositional phrases and participle phrases also serve as adjectives so we can also call them adjective phrases when they function as an adjective. In the above sentence. Prepositional Phrase. These phrases are the most commonly used phrases.
Here are a couple of examples:. Practicing helped a lot. The neighbours have promised to stop playing the drums at night. My best friend, Nick Palacio , loves scuba diving. We watched Sirius, the brightest star in the sky.
In these examples, the appositive is a noun phrase. But you can use other phrases as appositives too:. Absolute phrases are the trickiest to identify. They add extra information and are usually separated by commas or dashes. Her skin sweaty and hot , Tamara looked forward to having a shower. In many of these examples we could add the word being Her skin being sweaty and hot , but you can usually do without.
All you have to do is add a conjunction and change the participle to a finite verb:. And the final thing to observe is that the absolute phrase can also come at the end of the sentence. Used with permission; examples our own. A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition , a noun or pronoun that serves as the object of the preposition, and, more often than not, an adjective or two that modifies the object.
Ernest Hemingway apparently fell in love with the rhythms of his prepositional phrases at the beginning of his short story "Hills Like White Elephants":. Prepositional phrases usually tell when or where: "in forty minutes," "in the sun, against the side, etc.
A prepositional phrase at the beginning of a sentence constitutes an introductory modifier , which is usually a signal for a comma. However, unless an introductory prepositional phrase is unusually long, we seldom need to follow it with a comma. You may have learned that ending a sentence with a preposition is a serious breach of grammatical etiquette. It doesn't take a grammarian to spot a sentence-ending preposition, so this is an easy rule to get caught up on!
Although it is often easy to remedy the offending preposition, sometimes it isn't, and repair efforts sometimes result in a clumsy sentence. Based on shaky historical precedent, the rule itself is a latecomer to the rules of writing.
Those who dislike the rule are fond of recalling Churchill's rejoinder: An appositive is a re-naming or amplification of a word that immediately precedes it.
An ap positive, then is the opposite of an op positive. Frequently another kind of phrase will serve in apposition. The best exercise, walking briskly , is also the least expensive.
Absolute phrases do not directly connect to or modify any specific word in the rest of the sentence; instead, they modify the entire sentence, adding information. They are always treated as parenthetical elements and are set off from the rest of the sentence with a comma or a pair of commas sometimes by a dash or pair of dashes. Notice that absolute phrases contain a subject which is often modified by a participle , but not a true finite verb. When the participle of an absolute phrase is a form of to be , such as being or having been , the participle is often left out but understood.
Another kind of absolute phrase is found after a modified noun; it adds a focusing detail or point of focus to the idea of the main clause. This kind of absolute phrase can take the form of a prepositional phrase, an adjective phrase, or a noun phrase.
It is not unusual for the information supplied in the absolute phrase to be the most important element in the sentence. In fact, in descriptive prose, the telling details will often be wrapped into a sentence in the form of an absolute phrase:.
It might be useful to review the material on Misplaced Modifiers because it is important not to confuse an absolute phrase with a misplaced modifier. I have seen also infinitive and gerundial clauses and, as far as I know, there are only three types of clauses: relative, noun and adverbial.
Can you clarify that, please? I think there is a clause called noun clause. Let me yes this in a sentence. What you did this afternoon is unforgettable. In this, what you did this afternoon serves as a clause and a noun clause for that matter.
It also serves as the subject of this sentence. Therefore, there is a clause called noun clause. Thank you. I do not understand could it be a little more explained? Thank you! I hope you get back to me. XOXO, Ella!
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